• Free range or modified free range
• Whole grains-grown your own, wheat, oats, barley, some corn
• Sprout whole grains in the winter
• Weeds – lamb’s quarter, pigweed, comfrey, chickweed, alfalfa, chard, clover, dandelion greens, cress, grass, sunflower seeds, squash, pumpkins, vegetable kitchen scraps, fall garden cleanup
• Table and Kitchen scraps
• Slugs, snails, and other bugs

Ducks/Geese

• Similar to chickens
• Different – foragers, bugs of all sorts, grass, weeds, corn, non-medicated rabbit pellets

Cows

• Hay, pasture (⅛ acre per cow), legumes, peas, corn silage, mangel beets, sugar beet tailings, root vegetables, carrots, crushed beans, clover, alfalfa, lavender, comfrey, kale
• Trees-willow, mulberry, poplar
• Wintering – for 1 cow, approximately 2 tons of alfalfa hay (need both roughage and protein) alfalfa provides both

Goats

• Some brush, grass, variety of weeds/herbs
• Vegetables, grains, mangel beets, corn dodder, carrot tops, lettuce, second-cutting alfalfa, melon rinds, roses bushes, apple branches, squash
• Wintering – for 1 goat, 6 – 9 bales of good second cutting alfalfa, some vegetables, grain rations, brush per goat

Sheep

• Grass
• Enriching pasture add-alfalfa, orchard grass, sweet clover, dandelion, burdock, just about anything they can reach, and timothy
• Wintering glean corn harvested fields, root vegetables, hay (10 bales alfalfa) & grain ration – 75 pounds per sheep

Above material: Carla Emery’s book, The Encyclopedia of Country Living, 10th edition, 2008.

Rabbits

• Prefer clover-hay, but good alfalfa, vegetable and fruit cuttings from the kitchen, vegetable tops, salad leftovers, lawn cuttings

Pigs

• Eat just about anything, need a balance of protein and carbs, will consume 800-1000 pounds of feed to reach market weight